Category Archives: Consumer Law
Emanuele Scattarreggia, ‘AI-Driven Smart Contracts: Enhancing Consumer Protection or Exacerbating Consumer Protection Challenges?’
ABSTRACT The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into smart contracts holds the potential to both enhance and exacerbate consumer protection challenges. Since the AI system embedded within the contract’s code enables a high degree of contractual personalisation – by tailoring the legal agreement to the unique characteristics of the targeted individual consumer, thanks to its […]
Catherine Brown and others, ‘The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Duty and Standard of Care in Legal Practice: A “Disrupting Moment” for Laws That Protect Consumers from Economic Harm?’
ABSTRACT The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (‘AI’) into legal practice introduces a spectrum of automation goals, ranging from systems that merely assist lawyers in decision-making to those that aim to provide fully autonomous legal advice. In particular, the rise of generative conversational artificial intelligence (‘GenAI’), such as ChatGPT, is fundamentally changing the nature of […]
Hansen, Fejős, Zeng and Gentile, ‘Teaching contract law with large language models: refining errorful learning for the digital age’
ABSTRACT This article investigates how the intrinsic fallibility of large language models (LLMs) can enhance the teaching and learning of contract law. Extending errorful learning theory, it conceptualises a new category of AI‑generated yet student‑shaped error and analyses how these mistakes can foster deeper engagement with unfair‑terms doctrine under the Consumer Rights Act 2015. A […]
Felix Pflücke, ‘Ensuring Compliance in the Digital Age: A Data-Driven Approach to EU Consumer Contract Law’
ABSTRACT The e-commerce landscape within the European Union (EU) has undergone significant transformation due to technological advancements and shifting consumer preferences. This Chapter examines the criteria for good evidence and data use within EU consumer law and policy, focusing on the evolving dynamics of e-commerce compliance. As digital transactions increase, ensuring consumer protection and trader […]
Liang Li, ‘Theories of harm for excessive personal data collection: what’s wrong and whose job?’
INTRODUCTION The importance of data for innovation and the growth of the digital economy is well recognized. This frequently entails excessive personal data collection, characterized by large volume, velocity, variety, and a high level of detail. Excessive personal data collection may give rise to a range of legal concerns, including—but not limited to—the exclusion of […]
Jonas Atmaz Al-Sibaie, ‘Contractual Transfers of Title’
ABSTRACT It is well known that, under a contract of sale, title to goods passes when the parties intend, but it is considered unclear whether the same is true of non-sale contracts. This article argues that there is a long line of cases dealing with ‘vesting clauses’ that establishes that title passes when the parties […]
‘On the assignability of consumer claims under credit contracts: CJEU in Zwrotybankowe.pl (C‑80/24)’
As consumer law remains under-enforced, it becomes all too common for consumers to assign their claims to third-party claim management companies, which typically operate on a contingency basis and take a percentage of the amounts successfully recovered. In Case C‑80/24, the consumer assigned their claim against a bank to Zwrotybankowe.pl, one such claim management company, […]
‘(Informed) Consent to Dispute Resolution Agreements’: Special issue of the German Law Journal
Party Autonomy Then and Now (Symeon C Symeonides) Consent and Dispute Resolution Clauses (Nancy S Kim) Reflexive Contract Law: Party Autonomy and the Constitutional Right to a Remedy (Gralf-Peter Calliess) Policing Consumer Contract Terms under US and EU Law: A Comparative Analysis of the Directive 93/13/EEC on Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts and the Restatement […]
50 Years of Consumer Law in the European Union: Past, Present, and Future: University of Luxembourg and online, 21 November 2025
The conference will critically examine the acquis through the lens of legislation and Court rulings. The conference celebrates five decades of EU consumer law, bringing together leading academics, judges, and policy-makers to reflect critically on its evolution and future direction. Its objective is to look back at how consumer law has developed and to propose […]
‘Reforming Consumer Alternative Dispute Resolution in the EU’
Online shopping has transformed how we buy goods and services, but it has also exposed a recurring challenge: resolving disputes when things go wrong. Damaged products, delayed deliveries, or disputes over contract terms, can leave consumers frustrated. Traditional litigation is often slow, costly, and intimidating, particularly for low-value claims. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) provides a […]